Top 10 Most Polluted Cities in India vs. Global Cities: Insights into Air Quality
Air pollution is a growing challenge in India, especially in northern states, where cities face hazardous AQI levels during winter. This blog explores the top 10 most polluted cities in India as of November 2024 and compares their air quality with global pollution hotspots.
India’s Most Polluted Cities: November 2024
According to real-time AQI data, Delhi tops the list of India’s most polluted cities, with an alarming AQI of 404, classified as "Hazardous." Alongside Delhi, other northern cities like Ghaziabad, Gurgaon, and Noida also struggle with severe air quality, especially during winter.
Top 10 Most Polluted Cities in India (2024)
| City |
AQI |
Pollution Level |
| Delhi |
404 |
Hazardous |
| Ghaziabad |
346 |
Severe |
| Gurgaon |
316 |
Severe |
| Noida |
313 |
Severe |
| Hisar |
312 |
Severe |
| Muzaffarpur |
311 |
Severe |
| Jalandhar |
309 |
Severe |
| Bulandshahr |
309 |
Severe |
| Faridabad |
308 |
Severe |
| Amritsar |
304 |
Severe |
The cities with the highest AQI levels are primarily located in Haryana, Punjab, and Uttar Pradesh. Seasonal stubble burning and industrial emissions are major contributors to their poor air quality.
Air Quality in Indian Metro Cities
While northern cities battle hazardous pollution, metro cities like Bengaluru, Chennai, and Hyderabad maintain relatively better air quality.
| City |
AQI |
| Ahmedabad |
116 |
| Bengaluru |
94 |
| Chennai |
121 |
| Hyderabad |
100 |
| Kolkata |
182 |
| Mumbai |
142 |
| Pune |
98 |
| Delhi |
404 |
This stark difference highlights the role of regional factors like geography, industrial activities, and climatic conditions.
India’s Air Pollution Crisis vs. Global Context
On a global scale, India’s cities dominate the list of most polluted urban centers. However, other countries also face similar challenges.
Comparing India’s Cities with Global Pollution Hotspots
| City |
Country |
AQI |
Pollution Level |
| Delhi |
India |
404 |
Hazardous |
| Beijing |
China |
220 |
Very Unhealthy |
| Karachi |
Pakistan |
195 |
Unhealthy |
| Dhaka |
Bangladesh |
180 |
Unhealthy |
| Jakarta |
Indonesia |
160 |
Unhealthy |
| Los Angeles |
USA |
120 |
Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups |
| Tokyo |
Japan |
85 |
Moderate |
| Sydney |
Australia |
70 |
Moderate |
| Paris |
France |
65 |
Moderate |
| London |
UK |
55 |
Moderate |
Why Does Air Pollution Worsen in Winter?
Winter months in India witness a sharp spike in air pollution due to the following reasons:
- Stubble Burning: Punjab recorded over 9,655 stubble-burning cases this season, contributing heavily to pollution in northern states.
- Temperature Inversion: Lower temperatures trap pollutants near the ground, leading to higher AQI levels.
- Vehicular and Industrial Emissions: Persistent emissions from vehicles and factories add to the pollution burden.
How to Combat Air Pollution in India
Addressing India’s air pollution requires a mix of policy changes, technological interventions, and public awareness:
- Control Stubble Burning: Providing farmers with alternatives like bio-decomposers.
- Promote Clean Energy: Adoption of renewable energy sources and EVs can reduce emissions.
- Increase Urban Green Cover: Planting trees can act as natural air filters.
- Enforce Stricter Emission Norms: Limiting industrial and vehicular emissions is essential.
Conclusion
India faces an uphill battle against air pollution, with cities like Delhi and Ghaziabad consistently ranking among the world’s most polluted. Seasonal challenges like stubble burning, coupled with industrial growth, exacerbate this issue. However, a concerted effort to adopt eco-friendly practices and enforce stricter policies can pave the way for cleaner air and healthier lives.
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